Between Wish and Reality. Under- and Overemployment in the German Labor Market

The results of this study show that full-time employees in the form of overemployment are affected by much stronger working time restrictions than part-time employees. Moreover, the weekly working time discrepancy is on average greater for women than for men. Furthermore, we note that a stricter restriction in the realisation of the desire for working hours is not fundamentally caused by having a child, but in particular by institutional factors such as the lack of or excessive costs of appropriate childcare. For example, mothers in particular have considerable difficulties in realising their desired working time if childcare facilities are inadequate.